Dameneinzel | These were created in 1994 as Government Offices, used by the UK government to deliver a wide range of policies and programmes regionally, but there are no elected bodies at this level, except in London, and in 2011 the regional government offices were abolished. [28] The sea level was lower than now and Britain was connected by land bridge to Ireland and Eurasia. [115] These are used primarily as a geographical frame of reference and have developed gradually since the Middle Ages, with some established as recently as 1974. [240] It is spoken by 0.1% of people in Cornwall,[241] and is taught to some degree in several primary and secondary schools. [330] The Proms – a season of orchestral classical concerts held primarily at the Royal Albert Hall in London – is a major cultural event in the English calendar, and takes place yearly. [252] There has been one Pope from England to date, Adrian IV; while saints Bede and Anselm are regarded as Doctors of the Church. Newton developed the ideas of universal gravitation, Newtonian mechanics, and calculus, and Robert Hooke his eponymously named law of elasticity. The Boishakhi Mela is a Bengali New Year festival celebrated by the British Bangladeshi community. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. This was an interwoven part of the wider multifaceted Wars of the Three Kingdoms, involving Scotland and Ireland. There are various national and regional folk activities, participated in to this day, such as Morris dancing, Maypole dancing, Rapper sword in the North East, Long Sword dance in Yorkshire, Mummers Plays, bottle-kicking in Leicestershire, and cheese-rolling at Cooper's Hill. [398], Click on a coloured area to see an article about English in that country or region, This article is about the country. [366], Cricket is generally thought to have been developed in the early medieval period among the farming and metalworking communities of the Weald. [384] In women's boxing, Nicola Adams became the world's first woman to win an Olympic boxing gold medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics. Herrendoppel | 1974 | The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. In 1922 the Irish Free State seceded from the United Kingdom, leading to the latter being renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 1963 | 1987 | UTC+1 (British Summer Time) Date format dd/mm/yyyy ()Driving side left Calling code +44 ISO 3166 code GB-ENG ^ While England does not have its own legislative assembly, a Legislative grand committee composed of only the 533 MPs representing English constituencies can scrutinise and vote on bills going through parliament which only affect England. La 104e édition du championnat d'Angleterre de football 2002-2003 est la onzième sous l'appellation Premier League. 1911 | The term was then used in a different sense to the modern one, meaning "the land inhabited by the English", and it included English people in what is now south-east Scotland but was then part of the English kingdom of Northumbria. [268] Students are generally entitled to student loans to cover the cost of tuition fees and living costs. ", "Tim Webber: the man who put Sandra Bullock in space", Barry Ronge's Classic DVD : Alice in Wonderland, "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", "English World Heritage Sites to get strongest ever protections", "Facts and figures of the British Library", "Hurst the hero for England in the home of football", "Tracking 30 years of TV's most watched programmes", "The father of football deserves much more", "History and time are key to power of football, says Premier League chief", "Premier League towers over world football, says Deloitte", "Liverpool beat Spurs to become champions of Europe for sixth time", "England 1st country to win Cricket World Cup, Football World Cup and Rugby World Cup", "2019 Cricket World Cup final: England beat Black Caps in greatest ODI in history". The 'English Cycle' of Disney animated films include Alice in Wonderland, The Jungle Book and Winnie the Pooh. [51] The Normans themselves originated from Scandinavia and had settled in Normandy in the late 9th and early 10th centuries. ", "Delta Expects New Slots To Foster Growth At Heathrow Airport", "The Busiest Airports In The United Kingdom By Passenger Traffic", "Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | Data | Table", UK Renewable Energy Roadmap Crown copyright, July 2011, "BBC – Weather Centre – Climate Change – Wind Power", "Record year for wind energy – Government releases official figures", "World Energy Statistics | Energy Supply & Demand", "United Kingdom Energy Report, Enerdata 2012", "UK Electricity production and demand 2015", "Data Explorer :: Table of Main Results | Environmental Performance Index", "The UK has much to fear from a US trade agreement", "US takes aim at the UK's National Health Service", "Population estimates for UK, England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland – current datasets", United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "World Population Prospects: Analytical Report for the 2004", "England is most crowded country in Europe", "Ethnicity and National Identity in England and Wales 2011", "British and Irish, descendant of the Basques? Leider ist ein Problem beim Speichern Ihrer Cookie-Einstellungen aufgetreten. Deciduous woodlands are common across all of England and provide a great habitat for much of England's wildlife, but these give way in northern and upland areas of England to coniferous forests (mainly plantations) which also benefit certain forms of wildlife. Schools may choose to permit trousers for girls or religious dress. [157], As the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution, England was home to many significant inventors during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Of the 25 United Kingdom UNESCO World Heritage Sites, 17 are in England. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 29 mai 2020 à 21:15. [377] There are both professional tours for men and women, in two main tours: the PGA and the European Tour. [116] Each has a Lord Lieutenant and High Sheriff; these posts are used to represent the British monarch locally. Other Pagan paths, such as Druidism, and general "Pagan" have not been included in this number. 1930 | [276], Early Medieval architecture's secular buildings were simple constructions mainly using timber with thatch for roofing. [357], At club level, England is recognised by FIFA as the birthplace of club football, due to Sheffield F.C. Geben Sie Ihre Mobiltelefonnummer ein, um die kostenfreie App zu beziehen. 1950 | [200], The average life expectancy of people in England is 77.5 years for males and 81.7 years for females, the highest of the four countries of the United Kingdom. 2019 | [68] Under the auspices of King James VI and I the Authorised King James Version of the Holy Bible was published in 1611. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic, and includes over 100 smaller islands, such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight. ", "Robin Cook's chicken tikka masala speech", "The S.Pellegrino World's 50 Best Restaurants", "King Richard II's recipe book to go online", "How to make the perfect full English breakfast", "The Bronze Age: Henry Moore and his successors", "The Birth of British Music: Handel – The Conquering Hero", "Sondheim and Lloyd-Webber: the new musical", 100 Greatest Artists Of All Time: The Beatles (No.1), Recording Industry Association of America, "Celebrate the Bengali New Year this summer in Tower Hamlets", "Harry Potter becomes highest-grossing film franchise", Statistical Yearbook 2011: 7.3 UK directors, "Does Andy Serkis's motion capture acting deserve an Oscar? Leader of the Parliament forces, Oliver Cromwell declared himself Lord Protector in 1653; a period of personal rule followed. Roman military withdrawals left Britain open to invasion by pagan, seafaring warriors from north-western continental Europe, chiefly the Saxons, Angles, Jutes and Frisians who had long raided the coasts of the Roman province. Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 14. Historical Period 1750BC-1900AD. [299] Various meat pies are consumed, such as steak and kidney pie, steak and ale pie, cottage pie, pork pie (usually eaten cold)[298] and the Cornish pasty. [113], After devolution began to take place in other parts of the United Kingdom it was planned that referendums for the regions of England would take place for their own elected regional assemblies as a counterweight. After the Glorious Revolution of 1688, it was constitutionally established that King and Parliament should rule together, though Parliament would have the real power. The government has devolved responsibility to the bank's Monetary Policy Committee for managing the monetary policy of the country and setting interest rates. [339] English producers are also active in international co-productions and English actors, directors and crew feature regularly in American films. [12], England's terrain is chiefly low hills and plains, especially in central and southern England. Since the late 20th century the administration of the United Kingdom has moved towards devolved governance in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Wessex under Alfred the Great was left as the only surviving English kingdom, and under his successors, it steadily expanded at the expense of the kingdoms of the Danelaw. Students are then able to work towards a postgraduate degree, which usually takes one year, or towards a doctorate, which takes three or more years. Lieferung verfolgen oder Bestellung anzeigen, Recycling (einschließlich Entsorgung von Elektro- & Elektronikaltgeräten). [141] The official currency in England is the pound sterling, whose ISO 4217 code is GBP. [137] Traditionally the status was given to towns with diocesan cathedrals, so there are smaller cities like Wells, Ely, Ripon, Truro and Chichester. Wählen Sie die Kategorie aus, in der Sie suchen möchten. À la fin de la saison, les clubs de West Ham United, West Bromwich Albion et Sunderland AFC sont relégués en deuxième division. England became a unified state in the 10th century, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. [59] Eventually it led to the Yorkists losing the throne entirely to a Welsh noble family the Tudors, a branch of the Lancastrians headed by Henry Tudor who invaded with Welsh and Breton mercenaries, gaining victory at the Battle of Bosworth Field where the Yorkist king Richard III was killed. Oeuvres visible dans le cadre de l'exposition. Le Français devançait Ruud van Nistelrooy de Manchester United. [nb 2] He also legally incorporated his ancestral land Wales into the Kingdom of England with the 1535–1542 acts. Zugelassene Drittanbieter verwenden diese Tools auch in Verbindung mit der Anzeige von Werbung durch uns. [396] The oak tree is a symbol of England, representing strength and endurance. 1980 | English Heritage is a governmental body with a broad remit of managing the historic sites, artefacts and environments of England. 1902 | Welsh was spoken in Archenfield in Herefordshire into the nineteenth century,[244] and by natives of parts of western Shropshire until the middle of the twentieth century if not later. As well as English, England has two other indigenous languages, Cornish and Welsh. Some of the best-known medieval castles are the Tower of London, Warwick Castle, Durham Castle and Windsor Castle. Landscape gardening as developed by Capability Brown set an international trend for the English garden. Since its reintroduction after the Catholic Emancipation, the Church has organised ecclesiastically on an England and Wales basis where there are 4.5 million members (most of whom are English). [374] The England rugby union team won the 2003 Rugby World Cup, with Jonny Wilkinson scoring the winning drop goal in the last minute of extra time against Australia. [389][390] Trina Gulliver is the ten-time Women's World Professional Darts Champion of the British Darts Organisation. [324], In the field of popular music, many English bands and solo artists have been cited as the most influential and best-selling musicians of all time. Other inventions include the iron plate railway, the thermosiphon, tarmac, the rubber band, the mousetrap, "cat's eye" road marker, joint development of the light bulb, steam locomotives, the modern seed drill and many modern techniques and technologies used in precision engineering. [96] There has not been a government of England since 1707, when the Acts of Union 1707, putting into effect the terms of the Treaty of Union, joined England and Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain. Perhaps the best-known example is Hadrian's Wall stretching right across northern England. Top 10 Charts 2002. It is also a principal subcontractor on the F35 Joint Strike Fighter – the world's largest single defence project – for which it designs and manufactures a range of components including the aft fuselage, vertical and horizontal tail and wing tips and fuel system. Many of the tales and pseudo-histories make up part of the wider Matter of Britain, a collection of shared British folklore. Jews have a history of a small minority on the island since 1070. It was created in 2009 after constitutional changes, taking over the judicial functions of the House of Lords. [176] Demand for electricity in 2014 was 34.42GW on average[177] (301.7TWh over the year) coming from a total electricity generation of 335.0TWh. It is blazoned as gules, three lions passant guardant or and it provides one of the most prominent symbols of England; it is similar to the traditional arms of Normandy. Julius Caesar of the Roman Republic attempted to invade twice in 55 BC; although largely unsuccessful, he managed to set up a client king from the Trinovantes. 1997 | The UK film council ranked David Yates, Christopher Nolan, Mike Newell, Ridley Scott and Paul Greengrass the five most commercially successful English directors since 2001. There are many motorways in England, and many other trunk roads, such as the A1 Great North Road, which runs through eastern England from London to Newcastle[166] (much of this section is motorway) and onward to the Scottish border. 2009 | Its fleets bring home fish of every kind, ranging from sole to herring. L'Angleterre se qualifie en finissant première d'un groupe comprenant l'Allemagne, la Finlande, la Grèce et la Géorgie. However, there is upland and mountainous terrain in the north (for example, the Lake District and Pennines) and in the west (for example, Dartmoor and the Shropshire Hills). The 1950 British Grand Prix at Silverstone was the first race in the newly created Formula One World Championship. Large outdoor music festivals in the summer and autumn are popular, such as Glastonbury, V Festival, and the Reading and Leeds Festivals. 1922 | [190], London is one of the world's most visited cities, regularly taking the top five most visited cities in Europe. Le système de promotion/relégation ne change pas : descente et montée automatique, sans matchs de barrage pour les trois derniers de première division et les deux premiers de deuxième division, poule de play-off pour les deuxième à sixième de la division 2 pour la dernière place en division 1.
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