without a reasonable margin of safety on the right side of the roadway. ), available here: http://search.cga.state.ct.us/dtsearch_pub_statutes.html. Read any electronic mail or text message transmitted to the device or stored within the device. Ann. Operation of a motorized foot scooter or class 3 electric-assisted bicycle on a sidewalk is unlawful, unless there is no alternative for a motorized foot scooter or a class 3 electric-assisted bicycle to travel over a sidewalk as part of a bicycle or pedestrian path, or if authorized by local ordinance, as provided in RCW 46.61.715. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. Rev. Utah requires that a person operating a bicycle, at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as near as practicable to the right-hand edge of the roadway except when: Utah allows bicycles to operate on sidewalks subject to the following rules: Source: Utah Code Ann. In Maine, bicycles are not defined as vehicles. It does not provide a maximum speed when the bicycle is being propelled by a combination of human and motor power, which is how e-bikes are predominantly ridden. Rhode Island provides that a person may ride any vehicle operated by human power upon and along a sidewalk or across a roadway upon and along a crosswalk, unless prohibited by official traffic-control devices (signs). No operator of a motor vehicle shall use a mobile telephone, or any handheld device capable of accessing the internet, to manually compose, send or read an electronic message while operating a motor vehicle; No person under 18 years of age shall use a mobile telephone, hands-free mobile telephone or mobile electronic device while operating a motor vehicle on any public way; and. 169.222(4)(e). Code tit. Maryland does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. Alaska does not explicitly provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. South Dakota does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. Missouri Department of Transportation Compilation of laws: St. Joseph Area Transportation Study Organization Bicycle pamphlet: Missouri Bicycle and Pedestrian Federation Legal resources: Intentionally interfere with the movement of a person who is lawfully riding a bicycle; or. Code 46.04.670; 46.61.502; 46.61.790. Washington Department of Transportation Bicycle law resources: Bicycle Alliance of Washington Bicycle law resources: Washington Bike Law Highlights of the law: A person may not drive or operate a motor vehicle on a public street or highway while: Using a cell phone or other electronic communications device, unless the use is accomplished by hands-free equipment; A holder of a level one instruction permit who is under the age of eighteen years shall be prohibited from using a wireless communication device while operating a motor vehicle; and. Stat. ), available here: http://www.le.state.ut.us/Documents/code_const.htm. Source: Mass. ), whose maximum speed on a paved level surface, when powered solely by such a motor while ridden by an operator who weighs 170 pounds, is less than 20 mph. The federal law permits e-bikes to be powered by the motor alone (a throttle-assist e-bike), or by a combination of motor and human power (a pedal-assist e-bike). Regulating the operation of bicycles and requiring their registration and inspection, and the payment of a reasonable registration fee is presumed to be reasonable exercises of police power. 814.485; 814.489, Oregon, in conjunction with the Bicycle Transportation Alliance and Cycle Oregon, offers Share the Road license plates. Proceeds support education and other projects through grants administered by the Nevada Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Board. In Wisconsin bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of a driver of a vehicle under Chapter 346 of the Wisconsin Statutes, except for those provisions that by their express terms apply only to motor vehicles and those provisions that by their nature can have no application. However, a bicyclists using a sidewalk or crosswalk shall: A bicyclist operating on a crosswalk or sidewalk shall obey an official traffic control device applicable to a pedestrian unless otherwise directed by a police officer or other designated person. In that case the law enforcement officer shall: In addition, the law enforcement officer may impound the bicycle operated by an intoxicated bicycle rider if the officer determines that impoundment is necessary to reduce a threat to public safety, and there are no reasonable alternatives to impoundment. In Delaware, Iowa and Nebraska, electric bicycles are defined within the existing definition of a bicycle, therefore there is not a distinction when it comes to operation on trails. Code Ann. The District of Columbia does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. In Arkansas, a person operating a bicycle approaching a stop shall shall: slow down; if required to avoid an immediate hazard, stop at the stop sign before entering the intersection; and cautiously enter the intersection and yield the right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully within an adjacent crosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using the intersection. Stat. Stat. Washington currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Source: Wash. Rev. Source: https://dojmt.gov/driving/plate-designs-and-fees/service-organizations-associations/. A bicyclist may, but is not required to, ride on the shoulder of the roadway; A bicyclist may ride in a lane other than the right-hand lane if only one lane is available that permits the bicyclist to continue on his intended route; and. & Traf. In Wyoming bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of a driver of a vehicle, except for special regulations specific to bicycles and those provisions that by their nature can have no application. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic, including pedestrians and bicycles on sidewalks, shoulders or bicycle lanes, for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. ), available here: http://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/li/public/cons_index.cfm. Vermont's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies only to motor vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. It is legal for all persons of any age to operate a bicycle without wearing a helmet unless otherwise provided by a municipal regulation. Code Ann. There is currently an effort by the California Department of Public Health to create a plate that would provide grant funding to bicycle advocacy organizations. The District of Columbia does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. tit. Wisconsin does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. The bill would create a four-year pilot program that would make helmet-wearing voluntary between September and May for riders of motorcycles, motorized bicycles, and motor-driven cycles who are 21 . Florida requires that no person open any door on a motor vehicle unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute,which you can findhere. 21-1124; 21-1124.1; 21-1124.2; 21-1129. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. An individual who is lawfully operating or riding any of the following on a highway, shoulder, crosswalk, or sidewalk: (i) a bicycle, (ii) a farm tractor or farm equipment, (iii) a play vehicle, (iv) a motor scooter, (v) a motorcycle, (vi) an animal-drawn vehicle, (vii) an EPAMD (electric personal assistive mobility device), or (viii) a wheelchair. Any locality may provide that the license plates, tags, or adhesive decals shall be valid for the life of the bicycles to which they are attached or for such other period as it may prescribe and may prescribe such fee as it may deem reasonable. Wisconsin requires that no person open any door on a motor vehicle unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. Louisiana requires that no person open any door of a motor vehicle located on a highway without first taking due precaution to ensure that his act shall not interfere with the movement of traffic or endanger any other person or vehicle. Gen. Laws. Electric-assisted bicycles (e-bikes) are increasing in popularity and the Washington State Department of Natural Resources is in the process of assessing changes to how they are managed. Massachusetts does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. When overtaking and passing another roller skier, bicycle or other vehicle proceeding in the same direction; When preparing for or making a left turn at an intersection or into a private road or driveway; When proceeding straight in a place where right turns are permitted; and. Kentucky provides that regulations promulgated by the Transportation Cabinet pre-empt municipal and other local government regulations concerning safety equipment but not method of operation. It is usually between 17 and 20 years old, and it may or may not be applicable to both the passenger and operator. It is also a misdemeanor to leave a door of a vehicle open on the side of the vehicle near moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. These include: Sources: Conn. Gen. Stat. The driver proximately causes the death, great bodily harm, or substantial bodily harm of a vulnerable user of a public way. Indiana does not have a law that sets a specific distance for a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle. Michigan does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. it is necessary to avoid a condition that makes it unsafe ride in the right-hand lane of the roadway. 24 13-103, granting powers to the City of South Burlington. In Arizona bicycles are not vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles, but a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of the driver of a vehicle as provided in Chapters 3, 4, and 5 of Title 28 of the Arizona Revised Statutes. Every driver of a vehicle shall exercise due care to avoid colliding with any pedestrian or any person propelling a human-powered vehicle and shall give an audible signal when necessary. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Idaho are generally found in Title 49, Chapter 7 of the Idaho Code (Idaho Code Ann. Iowa has no helmet law. The proceeds of Share the Road license plates benefit Bike Walk Montana. New Hampshire does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. Illinois requires that the operator of a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle proceeding in the same direction on a highway shall leave a safe distance, but not less than 3 feet, when passing the bicycle and shall maintain that distance until safely past the overtaken bicycle. Ann. Mississippi does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. Nevada currently has the following law aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Nevada requires that a bicyclist ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable, exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction, except: Nevada does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. Illinois law allows local authorities to regulate the operation of bicycles, low-speed electric bicycles, low-speed gas bicycles and also require registration and licensing of the same, as well as requiring a registration fee. A learner's permit or intermediate Class D license may be suspended or canceled due to use of a hand-held electronic device while operating a motor vehicle for non-life-threatening emergency purposes. However, any person who throws any substance at a vehicle or any occupant thereof on a highway is guilty of a misdemeanor. Each person operating a bicycle upon and along a sidewalk or across any roadway upon and along a crosswalk shall yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian and shall give an audible signal within a reasonable distance before overtaking and passing a pedestrian; and. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Montana are generally found in Chapter 61 of the Montana Code Annotated (Mont. Michigan has no helmet law. An individual lawfully operating a bicycle upon a sidewalk or a pedestrian crosswalk has all of the rights and responsibilities applicable to a pedestrian using that sidewalk or crosswalk. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Indiana are generally found in Title 9, Article 21 of the Indiana Code (Ind. Stat. Unsafe conditions include any lane that is too narrow for a bicycle and a vehicle to travel safely side by side within the lane. 542.202; 217.003. tit. Never ride against traffic - Motorists aren't looking for bicyclists riding on the wrong side of the road. Source: Vt. Stat. Florida provides that its state traffic laws shall not be deemed to prevent local authorities, with respect to streets and highways under their jurisdiction and within the reasonable exercise of the police power, from regulating the operation of bicycles. Wyoming does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. Code Ann. This law has been amended to clarify its application to text messaging while driving and a bill has been passed explicitly prohibiting reading or typing a text message or other non-voice message or communication while driving. No person twenty-one years of age or younger operating a moving motor vehicle upon the highways of this state shall, by means of a hand-held electronic wireless communications device, send, read, or write a text message or electronic message. There are many different local laws concerning what constitutes a motorized bike, and the regulations for use vary widely in different areas. However, it isn't without some risk. Ohio, in conjunction with the Ohio Bicycle Federation, offers Share the Road license plates. A person may not use a handheld wireless communication device while operating a moving motor vehicle on a highway in this state to: manually communicate through an electronic mail system; manually enter data into a handheld wireless communication device; send data, read text, or view images on a handheld wireless communication device; or. 814.416; 814.414; 811.360. (a) A motorized bicycle may be operated under either a driver's license or a motorized bicycle permit issued under section 171.02, subdivision 3. This guidance is likely based on Pennsylvanias law regarding inoperable or malfunctioning signals, which instructs vehicular traffic facing a red or completely unlighted signal to stop in the same manner as at a stop sign and proceed in the same manner as one would proceed after making a stop at a stop sign. Colorado requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. Montana currently has no laws that prohibit the use of devices associated with distracted driving. No county, municipality or other political subdivision shall enact any ordinance restricting the use of cellular phones in any motor vehicle until such time as the state may authorize a county, municipality or other political subdivision to enact such an ordinance. Hawaii requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so, and can be done without interfering with, or causing immediate hazard to the movement of other traffic. For more information on such plates please visit:https://www.bicyclecolorado.org/get-involved/share-the-road/. ), available here https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/?id=169. This guide also features other laws from the District of Columbia Official Code (D.C. Code), available here http://government.westlaw.com/linkedslice/default.asp?SP=DCC-1000. In addition, the law includes context sensitive considerations that may increase or decrease the legal safe passing distance. Maine requires that a person operating a bicycle upon a roadway, at a speed less than the normal speed of traffic moving in the same direction at that time and place, shall operate on the right portion of the way as far as practicable except when it is unsafe to do so as determined by the bicyclist or: Maine does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. Rhode Island does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. 42-4-710; 42-4-1412(10). However,a studyof the University of Tennessee-Knoxvilles e-bike sharing system did not find much difference in the average travel speeds and the average top speeds for e-bikes versus traditional bikes and stated in its finding that With few exceptions, riders of e-bike behave very similarly to riders of bicycles. A2016 studyexamining the relative probability of an e-bike versus a conventional bike to be involved in a traffic conflict did note that there was a higher risk of conflict at an intersection for e-bikes, because of higher speeds approaching an intersection. California Vehicle Code section 406 defines a motorized bicycle as a two- or three-wheeled vehicle that has pedals for human propulsion and a motor (whether gas or electric). Ann. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute,which you can findhere. Regs. http://www.bikeleague.org/legacy/action/bikelaws/modellaws.php. Georgia requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. 56-5-3445; 56-5-3230. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Tennessee are generally found in Title 55 of the Tennessee Code Annotated (Tex. Source: Conn. Gen. Stat. Stat. In 2015, Birmingham, Ala., unveiled a citywide bike-share system with 100 e-bikes in the fleet of 400 bikes, in the hopes the program will attract more novice riders. After slowing or stopping, the driver shall yield the right-of-way to any traffic using a roadway or approaching on another roadway that is so close as to constitute an immediate hazard.Source: Alaska Admin. Source: La. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Oklahoma are generally found in Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statutes (Okla. North Dakota prohibits any person from driving any vehicle, including a bicycle, upon a sidewalk or sidewalk area except upon a permanent or duly authorized temporary driveway. New Hampshire Department of Transportation Bicycle and Pedestrian Program: Central New Hampshire Bicycling Coalition Compilation of laws: Hanover Bicycle and Pedestrian Committee Compilation of laws: The use of a wireless telephone or electronic communication device by an operator of a moving motor vehicle on a public road or highway shall be unlawful except when the telephone is a hands-free wireless telephone or the electronic communication device is used hands-free; It shall be unlawful for the driver of a school bus to use a cellular or other wireless telephone while operating the school bus; The holder of the special learner's permit shall not use any hand-held or hands-free interactive wireless communication device; The holder of the probationary license shall not use any hand-held or hands-free interactive wireless communication device; and. 504.633; 504.648. Stat. Any bicycle found and delivered to the police or sheriff's department by a private person that thereafter remains unclaimed for thirty days after the final date of the required publicized notice may be given to the finder. Hawaii requires that any person under the age of 16 who operates a bicycle must wear a protective bicycle helmet. 3112(c)(2). However, bicycles cannot use parkways and other limited access state highways except on paths specifically provided for bicycles. In Mississippi bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of the driver of a vehicle, except as otherwise provided in Article 27 of the Traffic Regulations and Rules of the Road in the Mississippi Code. Local authorities may prohibit the operation of bicycles on any sidewalk or crosswalk under their jurisdiction; and. 23 4(21) & (82); 1136. Stat. Utah allows a person bicycling approaching a stop sign to proceed through the intersection without stopping at the stop sign if: A person bicycling must treat a stop sign at an intersection with an active railroad grade crossing as a stop sign. In addition, no person shall leave a door on the side of a vehicle next to moving traffic open for longer than is necessary to load or unload a passenger. Nevertheless bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated. West Virginiadoes not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. Ohio requires that a bicyclist ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable obeying all traffic rules applicable to vehicles and exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction. No person shall drive a motor vehicle on any highway while using an electronic communication device while such motor vehicle is in motion, unless such person uses a hands-free electronic communication device while utilizing hands-free equipment and such person does not hold the hands-free electronic communication device in such person's hand or hands. When operating a bicycle upon a 1-way highway or street that has 2 or more marked traffic lanes, in which case the individual may ride as near the left-hand curb or edge of that roadway as practicable. Compilation of Bicycle laws by the Vermont Bicycling & Pedestrian Coalition: Cross Vermont Trail Organization brochure: It shall be unlawful for any person to operate a motor vehicle, bicycle or moped on the highways in the Commonwealth while using earphones on or in both ears; It shall be unlawful for any person to operate a moving motor vehicle on the highways in the Commonwealth while using any handheld personal communications device to: Read any email or text message transmitted to the device or stored within the device; The holder of a provisional driver's license shall not operate a motor vehicle on the highways of the Commonwealth while using any cellular telephone or any other wireless telecommunications device, regardless of whether such device is or is not hand-held; and. An individual charged with causing serious physical injury or death of a vulnerable individual as a result of violating traffic laws must appear in court and cannot prepay their fine. South Carolina requires that no person open any door of a motor vehicle unless it is reasonably safe to do so, and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. 55-52-105; 55-52-106(c). However, in 2000, in State v. Carr, 761 So.2d 1271 (2000),the Louisiana Supreme Court held that this law was not applicable to a bicycle because both the interpretation and intention of the law was ambiguous in its application to bicycles. We update laws as we work with our member advocacy organizations to pass better laws and as advocates or the public tell us about changes. Failure to wear a protective helmet shall not limit or apportion damages. When reasonably necessary to avoid conditions that make it unsafe to continue along the right-hand curb or edge, including narrow width lanes. One study from Sweden found average travel speeds for e-bikes to be over 5 miles per hour faster than for traditional bicycles (14 mph versus 8.7 mph). North Dakota requires that a bicyclist ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable, exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction. Texas requires that a person operating a bicycle on a roadway, at a speed less than the speed of traffic, shall ride as near as practicable to the right curb or edge of the roadway, unless: Texas does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. Regs. tit. New Mexico does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. In Utah, bicycles are defined as vehicles. Rev. It is a Class 1 misdemeanor to operate a motor vehicle in a careless or distracted manner such that the careless or distracted operation is the proximate cause of serious bodily injury to a vulnerable road user who is lawfully present on the highway at the time of injury. No law was found in Michiganthat requires persons opening the door of a motor vehicle to do so in a reasonably safe manner that does not interfere with the movement of traffic. Rev. Since that decision there has been no amendment to make the law mentioned in this section applicable to bicyclists. Missouri requires that the operator of a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle proceeding in the same direction on the roadway shall leave a safe distance when passing the bicycle, and shall maintain clearance until safely past the overtaken bicycle. . Kentucky does not have a law that sets a specific distance for a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle. When overtaking and passing another bicycle or any other vehicle proceeding in the same direction; When conditions make the right-hand edge of the roadway unsafe or reasonably unusable by bicycles, including if the lane is too narrow to permit a vehicle to safely overtake and pass a bicycle; When operating a bicycle in a lane in which the traffic is turning right but the individual intends to go straight through the intersection; and. Code Ann. Source:https://www.pmc.org/license-plate. Code 23123; 23123.5; 23124; 23125. Stat. No person shall operate a bicycle upon or along a sidewalk or across a roadway upon and along a crosswalk if such operation is prohibited by any ordinance of any city, town or borough or by any regulation of the State Traffic Commission. 13 02.400, Alaska generally allows bicycles on sidewalks, but no person may ride a bicycle upon a sidewalk in a business district or where prohibited by an official traffic-control device. The DMV of California defines a class 1 e-bike as an electric bicycle that can reach a maximum speed of 20 miles per hour while the rider pedals in addition to . Kansas requires that wherever a usable path for bicycles has been provided adjacent to a roadway, bicycle riders shall use such path and shall not use the roadway. It is legal for all persons of any age to operate a bicycle without wearing a helmet unless otherwise provided by a municipal regulation. West Virginia currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Source: W. Va. Code 17C-14-15; 17B-2-3a. Colorado currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Sources: Colo. Rev. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of South Dakota are generally found in Title 32 of the South Dakota Codified Laws (S.D. A person may also make a right hand turn at a red light as if it were a stop sign, or a left hand turn through a red light after stopping if the turn is onto a one-way road and there is no oncoming traffic. Ann. While Kentucky also lacks a definition for e-bikes, the Department of Transportation passed an administrative regulation in 2015 that brought e-bikes within the scope of the states bicycle regulations. Upon a roadway designated and signposted for one-way traffic. Source: Haw. Maryland requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on any side available to moving traffic unless: it is reasonably safe to do so; and it can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. Walk Montana to travel safely side by side within the device designated and signposted for one-way traffic defined... Equipment but not method of operation of devices associated with distracted driving Federation... 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